The concept of a "Close Competition" is one that has been widely discussed in the context of the CSL (Center for Sustainable Logistics) research field, particularly by researchers such as Thomas W. Friesen and David S. Bock. The term refers to a situation where two or more companies are competing against each other in terms of cost, quality, and delivery time. However, it's important to note that this competition can also be characterized by minimal gap between them.

2. Definition

A close competition is defined as a situation where two or more firms compete against each other in terms of price, quality, and delivery times. It involves a significant difference between the costs of producing goods or services by the two competitors, and the overall cost of delivering those goods or services at the same rate. In contrast, a minimal gap occurs when there is no significant difference between the costs of producing goods or services by the two competitors.

3. Factors Influencing a Close Competition

Several factors can influence a close competition, including:

- Product differentiation: Companies may differentiate their products based on features, benefits, or unique selling points.

- Quality control: Companies may use advanced quality controls to ensure that their products meet specific quality standards.

- Delivery speed: Companies may prioritize delivering products within a specified timeframe, regardless of cost.

4. Examples of a Close Competition

One example of a close competition is when two major car manufacturers compete against each other for market share. Toyota and Honda have both invested heavily in R&D to develop electric vehicles, which have improved efficiency and reduced emissions compared to traditional gasoline-powered cars. As a result, they are able to offer lower prices and better customer service than their rivals, leading to a decrease in sales and profits.

Another example is when two major telecommunications providers compete for customers. While both companies provide high-quality service, they differ in pricing structures, offering different plans and packages tailored to individual needs. This leads to a close competition, where customers must choose between the two providers based on their own preferences and budget.

5. Conclusion

In conclusion, a close competition can be defined as a situation where two or more companies are competing against each other in terms of cost, quality, and delivery time. However, this competition can also be characterized by minimal gap between them. Companies need to differentiate themselves through product differentiation, quality control, and delivery speed to succeed in a close competition. By doing so, they can differentiate themselves from the competition and win over customers who value their offerings.